Perennial Vegetable

When to Plant Artichokes

Dramatic thistle relative producing large, edible flower buds. Perennial in zones 7-10, grown as annual elsewhere.

Sun
Full sun (6-8 hours)
Water
1-2 inches per week
Days to Harvest
150-180
Difficulty
intermediate
Spacing
48"
Frost Tolerance
light

The Short Answer

Artichokes are cold-tolerant and actually prefer cooler growing conditions. Or start seeds indoors 8 weeks before your last frost for an even earlier harvest. Enter your zip code on our homepage tool for exact dates.

How to Grow Artichokes

Globe artichokes are dramatic, architectural plants — 4 feet tall with silvery, deeply cut leaves. The edible 'artichoke' is actually an immature flower bud. In zones 7-10, artichokes are perennial and produce for years from a single planting. In cold zones, treat as annual: start seed in January, vernalize seedlings at 50°F for 10 days to trick the plant into thinking it experienced winter, then transplant in spring. Imperial Star is bred specifically for annual production. Even if you never harvest a single bud, artichoke plants are stunning ornamentals.

Starting Seeds Indoors

Begin artichokes seeds indoors 8 weeks before your average last frost date. Seeds need soil temperatures of at least 60°F to germinate, which typically takes 10-14 days. Provide 12 hours of light per day using a south-facing window or grow lights.

Transplanting

Move seedlings outside 0 weeks after your last frost date, once soil temperatures reach 60°F. Harden off seedlings for 10 days before transplanting by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions.

Growing Tips

In zones 7+ they're perennial — plant once and harvest for years. In cold zones, treat as annual: start seeds in January and vernalize seedlings at 50°F for 10 days to trigger bud formation. Spectacular ornamental even when not harvesting.

Companion Planting

Good companions:

Sunflowers Tarragon

Artichokes Planting Dates by State

Click your state for artichokes planting dates specific to your location:

Note: Planting dates are based on average frost dates from NOAA Climate Normals (30-year averages). Actual conditions vary year to year. Always check your local forecast before planting frost-sensitive crops.

Last reviewed: March 29, 2026

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