Cool-Season Vegetable

When to Plant Kale in Illinois

The toughest green in the garden. Kale laughs at frost and actually tastes sweeter after a cold snap.

The Short Answer

Kale are cold-tolerant and do well in Illinois's humid climate. You can direct sow 4 weeks before your last frost — that's as early as Apr 25 - May 10 in Northern Illinois (Chicago). Illinois gardeners can also plant a fall crop. Rich prairie soils — some of the most fertile in the country. Heavy clay in many areas. Well-suited...

Illinois Frost Dates

Your planting dates depend on which part of Illinois you're in. Here are the frost date ranges by region:

Region Zones Last Frost (Spring) First Frost (Fall)
Northern Illinois (Chicago) 5a, 5b Apr 25 - May 10 Oct 1 - Oct 15
Central Illinois 5b, 6a Apr 15 - May 1 Oct 5 - Oct 20
Southern Illinois 6b, 7a Apr 1 - Apr 15 Oct 15 - Nov 1

Kale Planting Schedule for Illinois

Northern Illinois (Chicago) (Zones 5a, 5b)

Average last frost: Apr 25 - May 10 · Average first frost: Oct 1 - Oct 15

Start Seeds Indoors
4 wks before frost
Transplant Outside
3 wks before frost
Direct Sow
4 wks before frost
Fall Planting
8 wks before first frost

Central Illinois (Zones 5b, 6a)

Average last frost: Apr 15 - May 1 · Average first frost: Oct 5 - Oct 20

Start Seeds Indoors
4 wks before frost
Transplant Outside
3 wks before frost
Direct Sow
4 wks before frost
Fall Planting
8 wks before first frost

Southern Illinois (Zones 6b, 7a)

Average last frost: Apr 1 - Apr 15 · Average first frost: Oct 15 - Nov 1

Start Seeds Indoors
4 wks before frost
Transplant Outside
3 wks before frost
Direct Sow
4 wks before frost
Fall Planting
8 wks before first frost

Growing Kale in Illinois

Kale in Illinois's Climate

Kale grows from early spring through late fall in your climate — frost-tolerant enough to be one of the first and last crops of the season. Fall-harvested kale sweetened by frost is the highlight. Summer kale production may pause during the hottest weeks (above 85°F) but typically resumes as temperatures moderate.

Soil Considerations for Illinois

Rich prairie soils — some of the most fertile in the country. Heavy clay in many areas. Well-suited for most vegetables.

Illinois Climate & Growing Season

Continental climate with four seasons. Hot, humid summers. Cold winters. Good growing season length in central and southern regions. Kale can handle frost well, which is an advantage in Illinois's climate. You can push planting dates earlier in spring and extend into fall.

Growing season length varies across Illinois: Northern Illinois (Chicago) (5a, 5b) has a last frost around Apr 25 - May 10, while Southern Illinois (6b, 7a) sees frost end around Apr 1 - Apr 15. This difference matters for kale — adjust your planting dates to match your specific region.

Growing Tips

Harvest outer leaves first, leaving the center to keep growing. Can survive temperatures down to 10°F with mulch protection.

Companion Planting

Plant kale alongside these companions for better growth:

Beets Celery Herbs Onions

Keep kale away from:

Strawberries Tomatoes

The Bottom Line

Kale can be grown successfully across Illinois, but your exact planting dates depend on which region you're in. Northern Illinois (Chicago) gardeners should plan around a Apr 25 - May 10 last frost, while those in Southern Illinois can typically plant earlier. For exact dates based on your zip code, use our free planting date finder.
Note: All dates are based on NOAA 30-year Climate Normals and represent historical averages, not predictions for any specific year. Always check your local weather forecast before planting frost-sensitive crops. Learn about our data sources.

Last reviewed: March 29, 2026

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